Coffee is one of the most popular drinks in the world and is enjoyed by millions every day. But what you may not know is that there are two main types of coffee beans: Robusta and Arabica. This article will explore the history, characteristics, and appeal of the hardy Robusta coffee beans.
History and Origin of Robusta Coffee Beans
Robusta coffee beans were first discovered in the late 19th century, in the forests of Ethiopia. They are believed to be a naturally occurring hybrid of two other coffee species, Coffea Canephora and Coffea Eugenioides.
The plant was first grown commercially in the 1930s in the Democratic Republic of Congo, and today is grown in many countries around the world, including Brazil, Vietnam, India, Indonesia, and Uganda.
Robusta coffee beans have a distinctively strong flavor and aroma, and are known for their hardiness; they are more resistant to disease and pests than Arabica coffee beans. They are also easier to grow and require less care and attention than Arabica beans, making them an ideal choice for commercial farmers.
Difference between Robusta and Arabica Coffee Beans
Robusta beans are generally larger than Arabica beans and have a higher caffeine content. They are also more bitter and have a higher acidity level. Arabica beans, on the other hand, have a sweeter and more balanced flavor, and are generally considered to be of a higher quality.
Robusta beans are also cheaper to produce than Arabica beans, which makes them an attractive option for budget-conscious coffee drinkers. Robusta beans are also used in many commercial blends, as they provide a strong flavor, balanced acidity, and a slightly bitter aftertaste.
Growing, Harvesting and Processing Robusta Coffee Beans
Robusta coffee beans are grown in tropical regions, generally at lower altitudes than Arabica beans. They are typically grown in full sun and are typically harvested by hand. The beans are then hulled and dried in the sun before being sorted and graded.
Robusta coffee beans are usually processed using the wet method, which involves soaking the beans in water for several days to remove the outer skin and pulp. The beans are then dried, graded, and finally roasted.
Tasting and Quality of Robusta Coffee
Robusta coffee beans have a strong flavor, with notes of nuts, chocolate, and caramel. The flavor is usually quite intense, and can be quite bitter. However, when roasted properly, the bitterness can be balanced out by the sweetness.
Robusta coffee is generally considered to be of a lower quality than Arabica coffee, but some specialty coffee roasters are beginning to explore the potential of Robusta beans. With careful roasting and blending, Robusta beans can produce delicious, high-quality coffee.
Robusta Coffee Futures
Robusta coffee beans are now traded on the futures market, allowing coffee producers and traders to hedge their risks by buying and selling contracts for future delivery. This has made it easier for producers and traders to buy and sell Robusta coffee beans, and has also made it easier for consumers to get access to higher-quality Robusta beans.
This has been a boon for the coffee industry, as it has allowed producers to expand their customer base and get better prices for their beans. It has also allowed traders to take advantage of the price fluctuations in the market, allowing them to make a profit from their investments.
Robusta Bean Grades
Robusta coffee beans are generally graded by their size, color, and flavor. The highest grade is AA, which has the largest beans and the most intense flavor. The lower grades, A, B, and C, are usually blended together to create a more balanced flavor.
Robusta beans that are grown organically are usually given a higher grade. Organic Robusta beans are usually darker in color and have a richer flavor, as they are grown in nutrient-rich soils and with fewer chemicals.
Conclusion
Robusta coffee beans are a hardy and robust coffee bean, with a distinctively strong flavor and aroma. They are easier to grow than Arabica beans, making them an ideal choice for commercial farmers. They are also cheaper to produce and can be used in commercial blends to provide a strong flavor, balanced acidity, and a slightly bitter aftertaste.
Robusta beans are now traded on the futures market, making it easier for producers and traders to buy and sell them. They are also graded according to their size, color, and flavor, with organic Robusta beans usually getting the highest grade.
Overall, Robusta coffee beans have an enduring appeal due to their hardiness, intense flavor, and affordability. Whether you’re looking for a strong and robust cup of coffee or a more balanced and flavorful blend, Robusta beans are a great choice. Try some today and discover the unique flavor of Robusta coffee beans.
